Resumo Contexto O pé diabético é uma complicação do diabetes melito (DM), sendo a maior causa de amputação dos membros inferiores. Objetivos Avaliar a prática de medidas de autocuidado com os pés, segundo sexo e escolaridade, em pacientes portadores de DM na região nordeste no estado da Bahia. Métodos Estudo quantitativo, observacional, analítico, transversal, realizado com 88 pacientes portadores de DM, em consulta de rotina, de fevereiro a março de 2020. A coleta de dados foi executada através da aplicação de questionários socioeconômico e do autocuidado com os pés (conhecimento sobre pé diabético, hábitos de cuidado/inspeção dos pés e procura pela Unidade de Saúde na presença de alterações com a saúde dos pés). Resultados Do total, 58% dos indivíduos desconhecia o termo “pé diabético”, porém possuíam cuidados mínimos adequados com os pés, como inspecioná-los (60,2%), hidratá-los (65,9%), não andar descalço (81,8%) e cortar as unhas (92%), apesar de 90,9% não utilizar sapatos considerados adequados. Houve relação entre menor nível de escolaridade e pior desempenho nas questões referentes a andar descalço, hidratar os pés, cortar as unhas, usar calçados adequados e identificar micoses (p < 0,05), porém não houve associação da realização das medidas de autocuidado e sexo. Conclusão Os portadores de DM entrevistados não realizaram todas as medidas de autocuidado com os pés e desconheciam o termo “pé diabético”. Houve associação entre menor escolaridade e menor capacidade de realização dessas medidas, o que sugere que o letramento em saúde seria importante para melhoria desse autocuidado, contribuindo para diminuição de complicações e amputações dos pés.

Abstract Background The diabetic foot is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is the most common cause of lower limb amputation. Objectives To assess foot self-care practices by sex and educational level in DM patients from the Northeast of Brazil, state of Bahia. Methods This was a quantitative, cross-sectional, observational, analytical study with 88 DM patients seen at routine consultations from February to March of 2020. Data were collected using questionnaires on socioeconomic data and self-care of feet (knowledge about the diabetic foot, habits related to care/inspection of feet, and visits to the Healthcare Center when changes to foot health are detected). Results 58% of the sample did not know the term “diabetic foot”, but a majority did perform minimum adequate foot care practices, such as inspecting feet (60.2%), moisturizing feet (65.9%), avoiding walking barefoot (81.8%), and trimming toenails (92%), although 90.9% did not wear footwear considered appropriate. There was a relationship between lower educational level and worse performance in questions relating to walking barefoot, moisturizing feet, trimming toenails, wearing appropriate footwear, and identifying mycoses (p < 0.05), but there was no association between performing self-care activities and sex. Conclusions Interviewed patientswith DM did not perform all foot self-care activities and did not know what the term “diabetic foot” means. There was an association between lower educational level and reduced capacity to perform these activities, which suggests that health literacy is important to improve self-care of feet, contributing to reduce complications and foot amputations.

ABSTRACT Our aim was to associate anthropometric profile, body composition and body image perception with a positive screening for eating disorders in adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. The screening for eating disorders was carried out using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) and Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE). Weight, height and percentage of body fat were measured, the latter by a vertical bipolar bioimpedance. Body image perception was assessed using the Brazilian Silhouette Scale. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee for Human Research of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 1,300 adolescents were evaluated. The prevalence of screening for eating disorders was 5.5% (n= 71), overweight was 26.1% (n= 339) and high body fat percentage was 38.5% (n= 500). Body distortion was present in 56.9% (n= 740) of adolescents and body dissatisfaction was 79.3% (n= 1,031). Body Mass Index, the percentage of body fat and body dissatisfaction were considered risk factors for positive screening for eating disorders. It is important to evaluate the physical changes in adolescence and their implications on body dissatisfaction, the main risk factor for the development of eating disorders.

RESUMEN El objetivo de ese estudio fue asociar el perfil antropométrico, la composición corporal y la percepción de la imagen corporal con un screening positivo de los trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes de 10 a 14 años. Se realizó la aplicación del Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) y Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburg (BITE) para evaluar la detección de trastornos alimentarios. Se midió el peso, la talla, porcentaje de grasa corporal y la percepción de la imagen corporal. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética para la Investigación Humana de la Universidad Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Se evaluó a 1.300 adolescentes y la prevalencia de detección de trastornos alimentarios fue del 5,5% (n= 71). La prevalencia de sobrepeso fue de 26,1% (n= 339) y porcentaje de grasa corporal alto fue 38,5% (n= 500). La distorsión corporal estuvo presente en el 56,9% (n= 740) de los adolescentes, y la insatisfacción corporal fue de 79,3% (n= 1,031). El Índice de Masa Corporal real, el porcentaje de grasa corporal y la insatisfacción corporal fueron considerados factores de riesgo para la detección positiva de trastornos alimentarios. Es importante evaluar los cambios físicos en la adolescencia y sus implicaciones en la insatisfacción corporal, factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos alimentarios.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores relacionados à presença da síndrome do ovário policístico (SOP) em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com adolescentes do sexo feminino de 15 a 18 anos, divididas em grupo 1 (com diagnóstico médico de SOP) e grupo 2 (sem diagnóstico da síndrome). Utilizou-se o índice estatura para idade e índice de massa corporal para classificação do estado nutricional, e aplicou-se questionário semiestruturado. Foram aplicados testes de Mann-Whitney, Exato de Fisher, correlação de Spearman e regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 485 adolescentes, com idade média de 16,3 ± 0,9 anos. A prevalência de SOP foi de 6,2%. Não se encontrou diferença entre os grupos quanto aos parâmetros antropométricos e tempo de uso de anticoncepcionais, porém houve diferença quanto à idade da menarca (p < 0,004), e a mais tardia foi fator de proteção para síndrome. CONCLUSÃO: verificou-se associação entre a ocorrência da menarca mais cedo e o desenvolvimento da SOP em adolescentes.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the factors related to the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, with female adolescents from 15 to 18 years old, divided into: group 1 (with a medical diagnosis of PCOS) and group 2 (not diagnosed with PCOS). The height-for-age index and the body mass index were used for classifying the nutritional status, and a semi-structured questionnaire was applied. The Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test, Spearman correlation coefficients, and logistic regressionwere used. RESULTS: This study evaluated 485 adolescents with an average age of 16.3 ± 0.9 years old. The prevalence of PCOS was 6.2%. No difference was found between the groups regarding anthropometric parameters and period of contraceptive use; however, there were differences regarding the age at menarche (p < 0.004). Older age at menarche was a protection factor against the syndrome. CONCLUSION: An association was found between younger age at menarche and the development of the PCOS in adolescents.